用 chatgpt 学习英语 39/n
语法要点
1. 副词 solely 的用法与位置
核心概念:solely 表示“仅仅、只”,用于强调唯一性。
要点解析:
- 副词 solely 修饰动词或动词短语。
- 在 verb + preposition 结构中,一般放在 动词与介词之间 更自然:
- 自然:His success depends solely on effort.
- 也可放在动词前(正式/强调):His success solely depends on effort.
助记法:
遇到 verb + preposition,把 sole/only 之类副词放在 verb 和 preposition 中间 最自然。
实际应用/例句:
- I prefer listening solely to music.
- He eats solely for survival, not for pleasure.
2. 形容词 slight 与副词 slightly 的区别
核心概念:
- slight → 形容词,修饰名词:a slight problem
- slightly → 副词,修饰动词或形容词:glow slightly red
易混淆点:
- The machine glows slight red light ❌(不自然)
- 正确用法:
- 副词修饰动词:The machine glows a slightly red light.
- 名词前用形容词:A slight red light glows from the machine.
实际应用/例句:
- Her face glowed slightly with happiness.
- A slight red light illuminated the dark room.
3. 动词 glow 的用法
核心概念:
- glow 常作不及物动词 (vi),表示“发光、闪光”,不需要宾语。
- 很少作及物动词 (vt);如果想让光“发出”,通常用 emit 或 shine。
动词 | 搭配 | 例句 |
---|---|---|
glow (vi) | - | The stars glow in the night sky. |
emit (vt) | + 名词 | The lamp emits a bright light. |
助记法:
光自己“发”,用 glow;想“让它发”,用 emit/shine。
实际应用/例句:
- The machine glows in the dark.
- The lighthouse emits a light every 10 seconds.
4. 不可数名词可数化的技巧
核心概念:
- 不可数名词表示整体或抽象量。
- 可数化通常通过“具体单位或实例”实现。
不可数名词 | 可数化方式 | 示例 |
---|---|---|
light | 一道光 / 光源 | a light |
water | 一杯 / 一滴 | a glass of water / a drop of water |
sand | 一粒 | a grain of sand |
rice | 一粒 / 一碗 | a grain of rice / a bowl of rice |
实际应用/例句:
- A slight red light glows from the machine.
- I can’t estimate the amount of water in the pool.
小技巧:
想把不可数名词当作可数名词使用,必须借助量词或具体实例。
5. lethal 的搭配用法
核心概念:
- lethal 表示“致命的”。
- 搭配常见介词:lethal to / lethal for
- to → 强调直接受害者/对象(更自然,口语+书面)
- for → 强调对某群体/环境造成致命影响(正式/书面化)
实际应用/例句:
- The viper’s poison is lethal to humans.
- This news could be lethal for the company.
助记法:
想强调“对谁致命”,用 to;想强调“对环境或群体致命”,用 for。
6. 动词搭配:estimate, take a deep breath
核心概念:
- estimate → 估算数量或程度
- 用法:estimate the number of …
- take a deep breath → 做深呼吸(习惯搭配,不用 do deep breath)
实际应用/例句:
- I can’t estimate the number of sheep.
- I usually take a deep breath to quell my anxiety.
7. diminish 与 quell 的辨析
单词 | 含义 | 使用场景 | 示例 |
---|---|---|---|
diminish | 减少、降低 | 数量、程度、影响力变小 | The medicine diminishes the pain. |
quell | 压制、平息 | 情绪、反抗、恐惧等 | She quelled her anxiety before the exam. |
小技巧:
diminish → 量变;quell → 控制、压制心理或群体情绪
8. anxiety 与 upset 的辨析
单词 | 词性 | 含义 | 使用场景 | 示例 |
---|---|---|---|---|
anxiety | n. | 焦虑、担忧 | 长期心理状态 | She felt a lot of anxiety before the exam. |
upset | adj./n. | 心烦、难过、生气 | 对某件事的短期情绪反应 | He was upset because he missed the bus. |
实际应用/例句:
- I feel anxiety about the upcoming interview.
- She was upset when her friend forgot the appointment.
9. 其他句子优化要点
原句 | 优化建议 | 优化后句 |
---|---|---|
the mouse of the computer loses functions occasonally | 词序自然化 + 拼写 + 动词搭配 | The computer mouse malfunctions occasionally. |
I usually do deep breath to quell the anxiety | 动词搭配 | I usually take a deep breath to quell my anxiety. |
the white line delineate his body shape while he was dying | 时态 + 冠词 | The white line delineates the shape of his body while he was dying. |
the machine glows slight red light in the darkness | slight → slightly / 冠词 | The machine glows a slightly red light in the darkness. |
总结小技巧:
- 动词 glow 常作 vi,不用宾语;想要“让发光”,用 emit/shine。
- 副词 solely 放在 verb + preposition 中间最自然。
- slight/slightly 区分形容词/副词,修饰名词 vs 修饰动词或形容词。
- 不可数名词可数化,需要借助具体单位或实例。
- lethal 搭配介词选择看强调对象或环境。
- diminish/quell、anxiety/upset 注意语义和使用场景差异。
10. accommodate
- 意思:容纳,提供空间或便利
- 示例句:This room can accommodate 5 persons. → 这个房间可以容纳5人。
- 注意:
- “person” 指单个个体,”people” 指复数个体。
- There are 10 people in the classroom. → 教室里有10个人。
- 小技巧:person 常用于计数,people 用于总称或复数。
11. stir vs mix
- stir:搅拌(轻轻搅动,通常液体或粉末)
- Stir the coffee to make the sugar dissolve. → 搅拌咖啡使糖溶解
- mix:混合(强调把多种物质混合在一起)
- 区别:
词 强调 场景 stir 动作、搅动 液体或小量物质 mix 混合 粉末、食材或大体积物质
12. thaw / thawing
- thaw:融化(动词)
- Snow thaws in spring. → 雪在春天融化
- thawing:正在融化(进行时)
- The ice is thawing under the sunshine. → 冰在阳光下融化
13. proficient
- 意思:熟练的,精通的
- 例句:
- He was a proficient worker. → 他是一个熟练的工人
- I am a reasonably proficient programmer. → 我是一个相当熟练的程序员
- 小技巧:proficient 后面常接 in + 领域,或直接修饰职业/技能。
14. looming
- 意思:即将来临(通常指威胁或不好的事情)
- 例句:
- Dangers are looming. → 危险即将来临
- An economic crisis is looming. → 经济危机迫近
- Besides the looming deadline, everyone is under stress. → 除了临近的截止日期,每个人都很紧张
- 提示:比 loom 更常用,强调迫近感或紧迫性。
15. indifferent
- 意思:冷漠的,不关心的
- 例句:
- He is indifferent to others’ opinions. → 他对别人的意见漠不关心
- 小技巧:字面意思“没有不一样”,实际用法表示“漠不关心”。
16. E-numbers
- 意思:食品添加剂编号(人工色素、香料、保鲜剂)
- 例句:
- This sauce is full of E-numbers. → 这种调味汁含有很多人工添加剂
- 提示:在美国可能不常用,人们更说 food additives。
17. under any obligation / being under obligation
- 意思:
- under obligation = 有义务
- She did not feel under any obligation to tell him the truth. → 她觉得没有义务告诉他实情
- Being polite to elders is everyone’s obligation. → 对长辈礼貌是每个人的义务
- 小技巧:
- under obligation 强调外在或道德压力。
- obligation 通常名词化使用。
18. historical materials
- 例句:He needs some historical materials to support his opinion. → 他需要一些历史资料来支持他的观点
- 小技巧:support + 名词 → 支持某事;历史资料常用复数 materials。
19. crisp vs crispy
- 区别:
词 用法 示例 crisp 表面脆、整体干爽 The chips are crisp. crispy 整片脆,口感脆 The fried chicken is crispy.
20. slacken / hold tight / strap / bootstrap
- slacken the rope → 放松绳子
- hold tight the rope → 紧握绳子
- strap → 带子,绑带
- bootstrap(动词,口语俚语)→ 自力更生
- He bootstrapped himself to learn programming. → 他自学编程
- I bootstrapped myself into learning English. → 我自力学习英语
21. had it
- 意思:完蛋了,没希望了(口语俚语)
- 注意:
- 固定用法,不加 am/is
- 助动词 will 后必须用原形:He’ll have it. ✅(不是 he’ll has it ❌)
- 小技巧:
- He’s had it = He has had it(完成时,口语中常用)
22. not the slightest bit / not at all
- 意思:一点也不
- 例句:
- He’s not the slightest bit worried. → 他一点也不着急
- I am not at all worried. → 我一点也不担心(口语更自然)
- 助记法:
- bit = 一点儿
- not the slightest bit = 强调绝对否定
- 练习对比:
词组 语气 示例 not the slightest bit 强烈、正式 She’s not the slightest bit interested. not at all 自然、口语 I’m not at all afraid.
23. isolate vs isolated
- isolate:动词,使孤立/隔离
- isolated:形容词/过去分词,表示“孤立的、偏远的、被隔离的”
- 例句:
- The patient was isolated to prevent infection. → 患者被隔离以防感染
- An isolated village → 偏远的村庄
24. outset / start / beginning
- 区别:
词 强调 场合 outset 阶段开端,整体状态 正式/书面 start 动作或事件开始 口语/书面均可 beginning 时间点或阶段起点 中性通用 - 例句:
- From the outset, she knew the project would be difficult.
- She started her homework at 7 pm.
- At the beginning of the movie, there’s a scene in Paris.
25. criterion vs standard
- 区别:
词 侧重点 用法 criterion 判断/评估依据,可定性或定量 Creativity is an important criterion for this contest. standard 规定的水平或规范,主要定性 The students’ work meets the expected standard. - 小技巧:
- criterion = “打分用的尺子”
- standard = “及格线 / 常规水平”
26. sole vs only
- 区别:
词 含义 语气/场合 only 仅仅、唯一 口语、中性 sole 唯一、排他 正式、哲理或书面语 - 例句:
- Practice is the sole criterion of truth. → 实践是检验真理的唯一标准(正式/哲理化)
- 口语版本:Practice is the only criterion of truth.
Anki 答题卡
1 | ❌ heel is a part of a foot which near the ankle Correct: The heel is a part of the foot which is near the ankle. Grammar: 缺少冠词 "the" 和动词 "is"。记忆法:名词前加冠词,关系从句要有动词。 |